Back Vowels

The Back Vowels are [u] [o] [ɔ] [ʊ] [ɑ] and they are produced with the highest point of the tongue towards the back of the mouth. These vowels are also defined by having a low second formant due to the low tongue position in the front of the mouth. These vowels are...

Audible Range

The Audible Range is the range of frequencies that the human ear can perceive. For the average human this range is about 20 to 20,000 hertz, this range is affected by acoustic conditions, age, health, and accumulated hearing damage. Humans are more sensitive to...

Attenuation

Attenuation refers to the gradual reduction in intensity or strength of a signal as it travels through a medium (typically air) or encounters an obstacle. In the context of sound, attenuation results in a decrease in sound energy as it propagates, leading to a quieter...

Amplitude

Amplitude refers to the maximum extent of a sound wave’s vibration, typically measured as the height of the wave from its equilibrium position to its highest point (peak) or its lowest point (trough). Amplitude directly relates to the perceived loudness of a sound;...

Acoustics

Acoustics is the branch of physics concerned with the study of sound, its generation, transmission, and effects. It encompasses various aspects of sound, including its production, propagation, and interaction with the environment. Acoustics examines how sound waves...