Falsetto

Falsetto is a rather poorly defined singing style often associated only with male singers. Depending on who is using it, falsetto can refer to a breathy production of sound caused by incomplete closure of the vocal folds or to a thinner vocal production caused by a...

False Ribs

The false ribs are the ribs that are not directly attached to the sternum by their own costal cartilage. Instead, they are connected to the cartilage of the rib just above them, indirectly joining the sternum. There are typically five pairs of false ribs (ribs 8-12)....

False Folds

The False Folds, or vestibular folds, sit above the true vocal folds. Despite many similarities, they are minimally used in normal phonation. Singers may employ them to add a level of growl or roughness to the sound. Some teachers believe that a narrowing or...

Formant 2

Formant 2 (F2) is the second formant frequency. Like Formant 1 it is created by the shape of the tongue; however, its frequency directly related to the height of the Dorsum of the Tongue. That is to say the higher the Dorsum of the Tongue the higher the frequency of...

Formant 1

Formant 1 (F1) is a frequency of increased acoustic resonance caused by the position of the Blade of the Tongue. Formant 1, in conjunction with Formant 2, is responsible for creating vowels. Despite this, formants are excited by acoustic sources and are not the source...

Fundamental Frequency

The Fundamental Frequency or F0, is more commonly referred to as pitch. The difference between the fundamental frequency and a pitch is that a pitch created by a singer or most instruments contains multiple frequencies including the fundamental frequency and...