The vagus nerve is the longest and most complex cranial nerve in the human body. It plays a crucial role in phonation, the production of vocal sounds. It innervates the muscles responsible for controlling the larynx, including the intrinsic muscles that regulate vocal fold movement. The vagus nerve influences vocal fold adduction and abduction, allowing for precise vocal fold coordination during speech and singing. It also provides sensory feedback from the larynx, aiding in vocal pitch control and voice quality.
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